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Carbon and Oxygen in Nearby Stars: Keys to Protoplanetary Disk Chemistry
We present carbon and oxygen abundances for 941 FGK stars—thelargest such catalog to date. We find that planet-bearing systems areenriched in these elements. We self-consistently measure NC/NO , which is thought to play a key role in planetformation. We identify 46 stars with NC /NO >=1.00 as potential hosts of carbon-dominated exoplanets. We measure adownward trend in [O/Fe] versus [Fe/H] and find distinct trends in thethin and thick disks, supporting the work of Bensby et al. Finally, wemeasure sub-solar NC /NO = 0.40+0.11- 0.07, for WASP-12, a surprising result as this star is hostto a transiting hot Jupiter whose dayside atmosphere was recentlyreported to have NC /NO >= 1 by Madhusudhan etal. Our measurements are based on 15,000 high signal-to-noise spectrataken with the Keck 1 telescope as part of the California Planet Search.We derive abundances from the [O I] and C I absorption lines at ?= 6300 and 6587 Å using the SME spectral synthesizer.Based in part on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory,which is operated as a scientific partnership among the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology, the University of California, and the NationalAeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possibleby the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.
| Photometric Study of Kepler Asteroseismic Targets
Reported are UBV and uvby? observations of 15 candidates for Keplerprimary asteroseismic targets and 14 other stars in the Kepler field,carried out at the M.G. Fracastoro station of the Catania AstrophysicalObservatory. These data serve to plot the 29 stars in two-parameterdiagrams with the photometric indices (such as B-V or?m1) and the atmospheric parameters (such as the MKtype or [Fe/H]) as coordinates. The two-parameter diagrams show noevidence of interstellar reddening. The photometric indices B-V and? are then used to derive photometric effective temperatures,Teff(B-V) and Teff(?). ForTeff(B-V)>6400 K, the photometric effective temperaturesturn out to be systematically higher than spectroscopic effectivetemperatures by 311±34 K and 346±91 K forTeff(B-V) and Teff(?), respectively. ForTeff(B-V)<6250 K, the agreement betweenTeff(B-V) and the spectroscopic effective temperatures isvery good. The photometric surface gravities, derived from c1and ?, show a range of about a factor of two greater than theirspectroscopic counterparts do.
| Kepler primary asteroseismic targets - ground-based study .
Reported are results of ground-based spectroscopic and photometricobservations of Kepler primary asteroseismic targets. We determine log T_eff, log g, [Fe/H], vsin i and the mean radial velocity, v_r, forall these stars. For new spectroscopic binaries, we provide orbitalsolutions. Finally, we compute evolutionary models using Monte Carlosimulations.
| Spectroscopic Study of Kepler Asteroseismic Targets
Reported are spectroscopic observations of 15 candidates for Keplerprimary asteroseismic targets and 14 other stars in the Kepler field,carried out at three observatories. For all these stars, the radialvelocities, effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and theprojected rotational velocity are derived from two separate sets of databy means of two independent methods. In addition, MK type is estimatedfrom one of these sets of data.Three stars, HIP94335, HIP94734, and HIP94743, are found to havevariable radial-velocity. For HIP94335 = FLLyr, a well-known Algol-typeeclipsing variable and a double-lined spectroscopic binary, the orbitalelements computed from our data agree closely with those of Popper etal. For HIP94734 and HIP94743 = V2077 Cyg, which we discover to besingle-lined systems, orbital elements are derived. In addition, fromour value of the orbital period and the Hipparcos epoch photometry,HIP94743 is demonstrated to be a detached eclipsing binary.
| The N2K Consortium. VII. Atmospheric Parameters of 1907 Metal-rich Stars: Finding Planet-Search Targets
We report high-precision atmospheric parameters for 1907 stars in theN2K low-resolution spectroscopic survey, designed to identify metal-richFGK dwarfs likely to harbor detectable planets. Of these stars, 284 arein the ideal temperature range for planet searches,Teff<=6000 K, and have a 10% or greater probability ofhosting planets based on their metallicities. The stars in thelow-resolution spectroscopic survey should eventually yield >60 newplanets, including 8-9 hot Jupiters. Short-period planets have alreadybeen discovered orbiting the survey targets HIP 14810 and HD 149143.
| The new space telescope Kepler and its asteroseismological targets .
We present primary and secondary asteroseismological targets for Kepler,the new NASA space mission. We derive log T_eff and logL/Lȯ values for the selected stars and we put the starsin the log L/Lȯ - log T_eff diagram. Then, we presentour program of ground-based spectroscopic and photometric observationsof the selected targets and we show first results obtained from theseobservations.
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