An Atlas of Spectrophotometric Landolt Standard Stars
We present CCD observations of 102 Landolt standard stars obtained withthe Ritchey-Chrétien spectrograph on the Cerro TololoInter-American Observatory 1.5 m telescope. Using stellar atmospheremodels, we have extended the flux points to our six spectrophotometricsecondary standards, in both the blue and the red, allowing us toproduce flux-calibrated spectra that span a wavelength range from 3050Å to 1.1 μm. Mean differences between UBVRI spectrophotometrycomputed using Bessell's standard passbands and Landolt's publishedphotometry were determined to be 1% or less. Observers in bothhemispheres will find these spectra useful for flux-calibrating spectra,and through the use of accurately constructed instrumental passbands,will be able to compute accurate corrections to bring instrumentalmagnitudes to any desired standard photometric system (S-corrections).In addition, by combining empirical and modeled spectra of the Sun,Sirius, and Vega, we calculate and compare synthetic photometry toobserved photometry taken from the literature for these three stars.
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Autocorrelation Analysis of Hipparcos Photometry of Short-Period Be Stars
We have used Hipparcos epoch photometry and a form of autocorrelationanalysis to investigate the amplitude and timescale of the short-periodvariability of 82 Be stars, including 46 Be stars that were analyzed byHubert & Floquet using Fourier and CLEAN analysis and 36 other Bestars that were suspected of short-period variability. Our method hasgiven useful information for about 84% of these stars; for the rest, thetime distribution of the Hipparcos epoch photometry limits thecapability of our technique.
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Keck Absorption-Line Spectroscopy of Galactic Winds in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
In this paper, we present moderately high resolution (~65 kms-1) spectroscopy, acquired with the Echellette Spectrographand Imager on Keck II, of 11 ultraluminous infrared galaxies at z<0.3from the IRAS 1 Jy sample. The targets were chosen as good candidates tohost galaxy-scale outflows, and most have infrared luminositiesdominated by star formation. We use a χ2 minimization tofit one- to three-component profiles to the Na I D interstellarabsorption doublet in each object. Assuming that gas blueshifted by morethan 70 km s-1 relative to the systemic velocity of the hostis outflowing, we detect outflows in 73% of these objects. We adopt asimple model of a mass-conserving free wind to infer mass outflow ratesin the range Mtot(H)=13-133 Msolar yr-1for galaxies hosting a wind. These values of Mtot, normalizedto the corresponding global star formation rates inferred from infraredluminosities, are in the range η≡Mtot/SFR=0.1-0.7.This is on average a factor of only 10 less than η from recentmeasurements of nearby dwarfs, edge-on spirals, and lower luminosityinfrared galaxies. Within our sample, we conclude that η has nodependence on the mass of the host (parameterized by host galaxykinematics and absolute R- and K'-band magnitudes). We also attempt toestimate the average escape fraction ≡Miesc/Mitot and ``ejection efficiency''<δ>≡Miesc/SFRi for our sample, which we find to be~0.4-0.5 and ~0.1, respectively. The complex absorption-line propertiesof Mrk 231, an ultraluminous infrared galaxy that is opticallyclassified as a Seyfert 1, are discussed separately in an appendix.
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Statistical analysis of intrinsic polarization, IR excess and projected rotational velocity distributions of classical Be stars
We present the results of statistical analyses of a sample of 627 Bestars. The parameters of intrinsic polarization (p*),projected rotational velocity (v sin i), and near IR excesses have beeninvestigated. The values of p* have been estimated for a muchlarger and more representative sample of Be stars (~490 objects) thanpreviously. We have confirmed that most Be stars of early spectral typehave statistically larger values of polarization and IR excesses incomparison with the late spectral type stars. It is found that thedistributions of p* diverge considerably for the differentspectral subgroups. In contrast to late spectral types (B5-B9.5), thedistribution of p* for B0-B2 stars does not peak at the valuep*=0%. Statistically significant differences in the meanprojected rotational velocities (/line{vsin i}) are found for differentspectral subgroups of Be stars in the sense that late spectral typestars (V luminosity class) generally rotate faster than early types, inagreement with previously published results. This behaviour is, however,not obvious for the III-IV luminosity class stars. Nevertheless, thecalculated values of the ratio vt/vc of the truerotational velocity, vt, to the critical velocity forbreak-up, vc, is larger for late spectral type stars of allluminosity classes. Thus, late spectral type stars appear to rotatecloser to their break-up rotational velocity. The distribution of nearIR excesses for early spectral subgroups is bi-modal, the position ofthe second peak displaying a maximum value E(V-L)~ 1 . m 3for O-B1.5 stars, decreasing to E(V-L)~0. m8 for intermediatespectral types (B3-B5). It is shown that bi-modality disappears for latespectral types (B6-B9.5). No correlations were found betweenp* and near IR excesses and between E(V-L) and vsin i for thedifferent subgroups of Be stars. In contrast to near IR excesses, arelation between p* and far IR excesses at 12 mu m is clearlyseen. A clear relation between p* and vsin i (as well asbetween p* and /line{vsin i}/vc) is found by thefact that plots of these parameters are bounded by a ``triangular"distribution of p*: vsin i, with a decrease of p*towards very small and very large vsin i (and /line{vsini}/vc) values. The latter behaviour can be understood in thecontext of a larger oblateness of circumstellar disks for the stars witha rapid rotation. From the analysis of correlations between differentobservational parameters we conclude that circumstellar envelopes forthe majority of Be stars are optically thin disks with the range of thehalf-opening angle of 10degr
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Passbands and Theoretical Colors for the Washington System
The passbands of the Washington system (C, M, T1,T2) have been checked through synthetic photometry of theVilnius spectra and comparison of observed and synthetic color-colorrelations. Using the derived passbands, theoretical colors were computedusing the grid of ATLAS no-overshoot models of Castelli. These can beused for calibration of the Washington system.
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Spectroscopic observations of some Be/B stars at high galactic latitudes
Spectral types, rotational velocities, and radial velocities wereestimated for eight Be and two non-emission B stars at high galacticlatitudes from CCD spectra, and their distances from the galactic planecalculated. All of the objects appear to be spectroscopically normal;for the Be stars, at least, there is no reason to evoke an unusualorigin for this sample of stars. (SECTION: Stars)
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Rotational Velocity Determinations for 164 Be and B Stars
Rotational velocities, v sin i, have been obtained for 96 Be and 68normal B stars by measurements of the FWHM of the He I lambda-4471 line(for spectral types B0-B4.5) and Mg II lambda-4481 (for types B5-B9.5).The consistency of various published sources is examined. (SECTION:Stars)
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A 325 Square Degree Survey of B-Type Stars at High Galactic Latitudes
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995ApJ...447..783L
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A Search for Beta-Cephei Type Variability in a Sample of Intermediate Galactic Latitude to High Galactic Latitude B-Type Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1994MNRAS.267.1103H&db_key=AST
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A high-resolution optical and radio study of Milky Way halo gas
Optical interstellar absorption lines of Ti II and Ca II and the 21 cmemission line of H I were observed at high-resolution (6 and 1 km/s,respectively) and high detection sensitivity along 25 lines of sight inthe Galactic halo. The sample includes 16 distant halo stars matchedwith one or more nearly aligned foreground stars as well as local starsalong five extragalactic sight lines. The data show substantialinterstellar material, at both low and intermediate velocities, between250 and 1000 pc beyond the Galactic plane. As much as one-third of thetotal gas observed in Ca II absorption may be beyond 1 kpc, and thegaseous Ti II may lie in an even thicker layer. The directly determinedgaseous Ti abundance above the Galactic plane exceeds that in the disk,on the average, by a factor of 4 to 6 and, for individual cloudcomponents, is further enhanced at higher LSR velocity. Thirty threediscrete high-latitude clouds are detected in Ca II absorption, and 17discrete clouds, including three high-velocity clouds, are identified inH I emission. The kinematics of the high-latitude gas observed in Ti IIand Ca II absorption is characterized by significant peculiar velocitieswith respect to a model corotating halo.
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Photoelectric UBV photometry of northern stars from the HK objective-prism survey. II
Photoelectric UBV photometry is presented for a sample of 165 starsdrawn from the extension of the HK objective-prism/interference-filtersurvey of Beers, Preston, and Shectman to the northern galactichemisphere. These results are part of continuing follow-up observationsof candidate metal-deficient and horizontal-branch field stars and otherinteresting stars identified in the survey. A complete set ofphotometric observations is now available for three of the25-square-degree survey fields. The complete photometric sample of 299northern HK candidates obtained to date contains on order 90main-sequence turnoff, subgiant, and giant stars with (Fe/H) of lessthan or equal to -1.0, 50 field blue horizontal-branch stars, and 30stars with the photometric properties of field-blue stragglers.
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UBV(RI)c photometry of equatorial standard stars - A direct comparison between the northern and southern systems
UBV(RI)c photometry of 212 stars from Landolt's list of equatorialstandards is presented. The observations are tied to the system definedby Cousin's E-region standards. A comparison of the present results withLandolt's reveals reasonably good agreement for (V-R)c and (V-I)c, butmarked systematic differences for (B-V) and (U-B). The UBV systems ofCousins and Landolt are evidently not the same and both probably differfrom Johnson's original system.
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Selection of standard stars for photometric observations with the 91-cm reflector at Okayama
Not Available
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Photoelectric UBV photometry of northern stars from the HK objective-prism survey
Photoelectric photometry is presented for a sample of 139 halo starsdrawn from an extension of the HK objective-prism survey of Beers,Preston, and Shectman to the northern galactic hemisphere. Thecandidates for which photometry is reported were selected to span a widerange of types, but are dominated by stars classified as type AB, A, or'metal poor'.
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Reduction of Hamilton echelle data at Lick Observatory
The reduction package used to reduce CCD-echelle data from the Hamiltonspectrograph at Lick Observatory is described. The input data requiredfor the reduction package are addressed, and the steps taken to preparefor reducing an observations are discussed. How the echelle orders arelocated and how the spectra are extracted from the echelle image aredescribed, and the corrections for interference fringes which becomesignificant at red wavelengths are examined. The wavelength calibrationis addressed, and flux calibration and merging of individual orders arecovered. Examples of data reduced using these procedures are presented.
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Application of the infrared flux method to globular cluster stars. The M 3 giant branch
A first attempt is presented to apply the Infrared Flux Method (IFM) todetermine the physical parameters of globular cluster stars on the basisof a new U, B, V, R, I, J, H, and K photometry for a set of red giantsin M 3. It is concluded that the IFM is useful for this application, asit provides a good determination of T(eff) and theta from reasonablephotometry. Linear radius can also be determined if the moduli distanceis known. The (V-K) index seems to be a good T(eff) indicator if theRidgway et al. (1980) calibration for field stars is used, even formetal-deficient stars, at least in the 3900-4600 K range.
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The galactic reddening law - The evidence from uvby-beta photometry of B stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1985A&A...142..189T&db_key=AST
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Luminosity classification with the Washington system
The DDO 51 filter has been added to the Washington photometric system.The strong surface gravity sensitivity of the Mg I 'b' triplet and MgHbands which it monitors allows the system to easily discriminate betweendwarfs and giants of late G and K spectral type. The system isespecially suited as a membership criterion for abundance studies ofdistant cluster giants. The Mg index is insensitive to surface gravityvariations among G giants. The metallicity sensitivity among giants isalso relatively weak. Population I and II giants can be distinguishedbut no further differentiation is evident.
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Four-colour photometry of B stars north of B = + 45 deg and comparison with the south
Four-color photometry of 33 Henry Draper B stars north of b = + 45 degis presented. Most are little-reddened B or intermediate-A stars. A newAm star is discovered. The new measures essentially complete uvbyphotometry of all HD B stars within 45 deg of either galactic pole. Thenorthern and southern cones of HD B stars are compared, and selectioneffects deduced. Far from the galactic plane, it appears that B starsmay be equally distributed north and south of the plane; closer to thesun, an asymmetry associated with Gould's Belt is evident.
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UBV Photometry of Equatorial Stars
Not Available
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Standardization of Broadband Photometry of Equatorial Standards
Not Available
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UBVRI photometric standard stars around the celestial equator
It is pointed out that accurate, internally consistent, and readilyaccessible standard star photometric sequences are necessary for thecalibration of the intensity and color data which astronomers obtain atthe telescope. The photometric results provided in connection with thepresent study represent the first part of an effort which is concernedwith the presentation of UBVRI photoelectric photometric standard starsin the magnitude range from 7 to 17 over as broad a range in color aspossible. All of the photometric observations were made with a 31034type photomultiplier used in a pulse counting mode. Some 15 to 25standard stars chosen from Cousins' lists (1973, 1976) in the E-regionswere observed with an 0.4-m telescope each night along with the programstars. UBVRI standard stars were observed periodically throughout thenight. Observations with a 0.9-m telescope were also conducted. TheUBVRI photoelectric observations take into account 223 stars.
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Geneva photometric boxes. II - The reddening towards the galactic poles
It is noted that photometric boxes allow a very accurate estimation ofindividual reddenings for B- and early A-type stars. A catalog of 129stars with galactic latitudes higher than 30 deg is given. A small butsignificant reddening is seen in the direction of both the northern andsouthern galactic poles: E(B-V) approximately 0.04.
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Photoelectric observations of lunar occultations. XII
Occultation observations of 414 events observed between 6 July 1979 and4 September 1980 with the 0.76-m telescope of McDonald Observatory arereported. Timings and data on double stars are given. Angular diameterinformation in six cases is included. The stars concerned with their runnumbers are: SAO 161754 (5270); 94027 (Alpha Tau) (5319, 5381, 5454);159370 (Gamma Lib) (5325, 5571); 162413 (43 Sgr) (5332); 97472 (3 Cnc)(5414); and 93955 (Theta Tau) (5445).
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65th Name-List of Variable Stars
Not Available
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Short-period light variations in Be stars
Observations of variability on time scales less than a day in thebrightness of Be stars are discussed. Following a review of previousobservations of photometric variability in Be stars, new observations ofindividual stars made with an 0.6-m reflector using a Stromgren bfilter, an 0.4-m reflector with Johnson UBV filters and an 0.4-mreflector with Stromgren v, b and y filters are presented. Short-periodlight variations of 0.02 to 0.1 magnitude are noted in almost all of the16 stars observed, with a consistent quasi-periodicity ranging from 0.25to 0.8 days. The variability in color, on the other hand, is observed tobe small, based on limited information. It is pointed out that the rangeof quasi-periods observed appears to rule out pulsation or rotation asthe sole mechanism for the variability.
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Recent Observations of HD127617 - Bidelman's High-Latitude Be-Star
Not Available
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The absolute magnitude of the field population. II - Cepheid XX Virginis
A radial velocity curve from 38 A/mm Palomar plates of XX Vir ispresented. The velocity data are combined with UBV colors to derive theradius and visual magnitude. The same method is also used to derive thevisual magnitude for RR Lyrae. The results are visual magnitude (RRLyrae) = +0.6 and visual magnitude (XX Vir) = -0.7. The luminosity forXX Vir places it among the cepheids of similar periods in globularclusters.
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The Washington system - Photometric properties and standard stars
Observations on the Washington Photometric System (C,M,T1,T2), leadingto an expanded set of 79 standards, are presented. This primary standardlist extends to a V magnitude of approximately 12.0. A V filter has beenadded to the system, which permits V-T1 colors and V magnitudes on theJohnson system. Revised primary and secondary extinction values fromfour observatories are presented. The extent of errors in the standardcolors is discussed. Reddening effects are also discussed.
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A photometric investigation of RV Tauri and yellow semiregular variables
Results are presented for DDO and UBV photoelectric photometry of 52 RVTau and semiregular variables and candidates. CN abundances, effectivetemperatures, surface gravities, absolute visual magnitudes, and massestimates are derived in the framework of the spectroscopic groupingsproposed by Preston et al. (1963). The photometry suggests a furtherdivision of Preston's group A, and a possible physical connection isindicated between this group and the semiregular variables. Thespectroscopic groups are shown to be well separated in the DDOcolor-color diagrams when mean colors are used for individual stars. Anupper limit of about 3 solar masses is determined for stars in eachgroup. A correlation between derived iron abundances and published IRexcesses obtained from flux measurements at 3.6 and 11.3 microns isfound which supports the contention that dust production incircumstellar shells increases with increasing metallicity.
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