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Magnetic activity of six young solar analogues I. Starspot cycles from long-term photometry
A long-term photometric monitoring of a selected sample of solaranalogues has been carried out since early nineties as part of The Sunin time project, which is aimed at a multiwavelength study of stars withsolar-like global properties, but with different ages and thus atdifferent stages of their evolution. The extended time sequence ofground-based observations collected over more than a decade as part ofthis program has revealed the existence of starspot cycles. Also fromthese data it is possible to investigate surface differential rotationof the stars. In this paper we present the photometry collected to dateand report on cycles search for a selected subsample of five youngsingle G0-G5V stars with ages between =~ 130 Myr and 700 Myr:EK Dra, pi 1 UMa, HNPeg, k1 Cet and BE Cet.Also we include in this study the Pleiades-age ( =~ 130 Myr) K0V starDX Leo (HD 82443). All the cited stars show activitycycles whose period is, furthermore, the first determined fromphotometric data. They are compared to those activity cycles derivedfrom CaII H&K emission fluxes and differences are discussed. All thecycle periods, except for EK Dra, fit well the empirical relations withglobal stellar parameters derived from larger stellar samples. Thefollowing results are also inferred from the present study: i) thefastest rotating stars tend to have longer cycles; ii) the range in theobserved cycle lengths seems to converge with stellar age from a maximumdispersion around the Pleiades' age towards the solar cycle value at theSun's age; iii) the overall short- and long-term photometric variabilityincreases with inverse Rossby number with very high correlation degree,indicating that the level of magnetic activity at least in photosphereis still controlled by the stellar rotation even on the longest timescales; iiii) the increase with inverse Rossby number of the long-termoverall photometric variability seems to level off at the highestrotation rate, which may be interpreted as due to a saturation in thelevel of photospheric magnetic activity around the activity maximum.
| Sixth Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part III. Additional fundamental stars with direct solutions
The FK6 is a suitable combination of the results of the HIPPARCOSastrometry satellite with ground-based data, measured over a longinterval of time and summarized mainly in the FK5. Part III of the FK6(abbreviated FK6(III)) contains additional fundamental stars with directsolutions. Such direct solutions are appropriate for single stars or forobjects which can be treated like single stars. Part III of the FK6contains in total 3272 stars. Their ground-based data stem from thebright extension of the FK5 (735 stars), from the catalogue of remainingSup stars (RSup, 732 stars), and from the faint extension of the FK5(1805 stars). From the 3272 stars in Part III, we have selected 1928objects as "astrometrically excellent stars", since their instantaneousproper motions and their mean (time-averaged) ones do not differsignificantly. Hence most of the astrometrically excellent stars arewell-behaving "single-star candidates" with good astrometric data. Thesestars are most suited for high-precision astrometry. On the other hand,354 of the stars in Part III are Δμ binaries in the sense ofWielen et al. (1999). Many of them are newly discovered probablebinaries with no other hitherto known indication of binarity. The FK6gives, besides the classical "single-star mode" solutions (SI mode),other solutions which take into account the fact that hidden astrometricbinaries among "apparently single-stars" introduce sizable "cosmicerrors" into the quasi-instantaneously measured HIPPARCOS proper motionsand positions. The FK6 gives, in addition to the SI mode, the "long-termprediction (LTP) mode" and the "short-term prediction (STP) mode". TheseLTP and STP modes are on average the most precise solutions forapparently single stars, depending on the epoch difference with respectto the HIPPARCOS epoch of about 1991. The typical mean error of anFK6(III) proper motion in the single-star mode is 0.59 mas/year. This isa factor of 1.34 better than the typical HIPPARCOS errors for thesestars of 0.79 mas/year. In the long-term prediction mode, in whichcosmic errors are taken into account, the FK6(III) proper motions have atypical mean error of 0.93 mas/year, which is by a factor of about 2better than the corresponding error for the HIPPARCOS values of 1.83mas/year (cosmic errors included).
| Photometric Variability in a Sample of 187 G and K Giants
We have used three automatic photoelectric telescopes to obtainphotometric observations of 187 G, K, and (a few) M0 field giants. Wefind low-amplitude photometric variability on timescales of days toweeks on both sides of the coronal dividing line (CDL) in a total of 81or 43% of the 187 giants. About one-third of the variables haveamplitudes greater than 0.01 mag in V. In our sample the percentage ofvariable giants is a minimum for late-G spectral classes and increasesfor earlier and later classes; all K5 and M0 giants are variable. Wealso obtained high-resolution, red wavelength spectroscopic observationsof 147 of the giants, which we used to determine spectralclassifications, vsini values, and radial velocities. We acquiredadditional high-resolution, blue wavelength spectra of 48 of the giants,which we used to determine chromospheric emission fluxes. We analyzedthe photometric and spectroscopic observations to identify the cause(s)of photometric variability in our sample of giants. We show that thelight variations in the vast majority of G and K giant variables cannotbe due to rotation. For giants on the cool side of the CDL, we find thatthe variability mechanism is radial pulsation. Thus, the variabilitymechanism operating in M giants extends into the K giants up to aboutspectral class K2. On the hot side of the CDL, the variability mechanismis most likely nonradial, g-mode pulsation.
| Fifth fundamental catalogue. Part 2: The FK5 extension - new fundamental stars
The mean positions and proper motions for 3117 new fundamental starsessentially in the magnitude range about 4.5 to 9.5 are given in thisFK5 extension. Mean apparent visual magnitude is 7.2 and is on average2.5 magnitudes fainter then the basic FK5 which has a mean magnitude of4.7. (The basic FK5 gives the mean positions and proper motions for theclassical 1535 fundamental stars). The following are discussed: theobservational material, reduction of observations, star selection, andthe system for the FK5 extension. An explanation and description of thecatalog are given. The catalog of 3117 fundamental stars for the equinoxand epoch J2000.0 and B1950.0 is presented. The parallaxes and radialvelocities for 22 extension stars with large forecasting effects aregiven. Catalogs used in the compilation of the FK5 fundamental catalogare listed.
| MK classification for F- and G-type stars. IV
MK spectral classifications are given for 112 stars brighter than mv =7.5, having HD types F2-G5. The classifications were made on slitspectrograms of dispersion 75 A/mm at H gamma.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Taureau |
| Right ascension: | 03h29m03.80s |
| Declination: | +03°14'55.3" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 6.424 |
| Distance: | 139.665 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -1 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 8.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 7.383 |
| V-T magnitude: | 6.504 |
Catalogs and designations:
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