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Detection of Potential Transit Signals in the First Three Quarters of Kepler Mission Data
We present the results of a search for potential transit signals in thefirst three quarters of photometry data acquired by the Kepler mission.The targets of the search include 151,722 stars which were observed overthe full interval and an additional 19,132 stars which were observed foronly one or two quarters. From this set of targets we find a total of5392 detections which meet the Kepler detection criteria: those criteriaare periodicity of signal, an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio, and acomposition test which rejects spurious detections which containnon-physical combinations of events. The detected signals are dominatedby events with relatively low signal-to-noise ratio and by events withrelatively short periods. The distribution of estimated transit depthsappears to peak in the range between 40 and 100 parts per million, witha few detections down to fewer than 10 parts per million. The detectionsexhibit signal-to-noise ratios from 7.1σ, which is the lowercutoff for detections, to over 10,000σ, and periods ranging from0.5 days, which is the lower cutoff used in the procedure, to 109 days,which is the upper limit of achievable periods given the length of thedata set and the criteria used for detections. The detected signals arecompared to a set of known transit events in the Kepler field of viewwhich were derived by a different method using a longer data interval;the comparison shows that the current search correctly identified 88.1%of the known events. A tabulation of the detected transit signals,examples which illustrate the analysis and detection process, adiscussion of future plans and open, potentially fruitful, areas offurther research are included.
| Bayesian inference of stellar parameters and interstellar extinction using parallaxes and multiband photometry
Astrometric surveys provide the opportunity to measure the absolutemagnitudes of large numbers of stars, but only if the individualline-of-sight extinctions are known. Unfortunately, extinction is highlydegenerate with stellar effective temperature when estimated frombroad-band optical/infrared photometry. To address this problem, Iintroduce a Bayesian method for estimating the intrinsic parameters of astar and its line-of-sight extinction. It uses both photometry andparallaxes in a self-consistent manner in order to provide anon-parametric posterior probability distribution over the parameters.The method makes explicit use of domain knowledge by employing theHertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD) to constrain solutions and to ensurethat they respect stellar physics. I first demonstrate this method byusing it to estimate effective temperature and extinction from BVJHKdata for a set of artificially reddened Hipparcos stars, for whichaccurate effective temperatures have been estimated from high-resolutionspectroscopy. Using just the four colours, we see the expected strongdegeneracy (positive correlation) between the temperature andextinction. Introducing the parallax, apparent magnitude and the HRDreduces this degeneracy and improves both the precision (reduces theerror bars) and the accuracy of the parameter estimates, the latter byabout 35 per cent. The resulting accuracy is about 200 K in temperatureand 0.2 mag in extinction. I then apply the method to estimate theseparameters and absolute magnitudes for some 47 000 F, G, K Hipparcosstars which have been cross-matched with Two-Micron All-Sky Survey(2MASS). The method can easily be extended to incorporate the estimationof other parameters, in particular metallicity and surface gravity,making it particularly suitable for the analysis of the 109stars from Gaia.
| Photometric Study of Kepler Asteroseismic Targets
Reported are UBV and uvby? observations of 15 candidates for Keplerprimary asteroseismic targets and 14 other stars in the Kepler field,carried out at the M.G. Fracastoro station of the Catania AstrophysicalObservatory. These data serve to plot the 29 stars in two-parameterdiagrams with the photometric indices (such as B-V or?m1) and the atmospheric parameters (such as the MKtype or [Fe/H]) as coordinates. The two-parameter diagrams show noevidence of interstellar reddening. The photometric indices B-V and? are then used to derive photometric effective temperatures,Teff(B-V) and Teff(?). ForTeff(B-V)>6400 K, the photometric effective temperaturesturn out to be systematically higher than spectroscopic effectivetemperatures by 311±34 K and 346±91 K forTeff(B-V) and Teff(?), respectively. ForTeff(B-V)<6250 K, the agreement betweenTeff(B-V) and the spectroscopic effective temperatures isvery good. The photometric surface gravities, derived from c1and ?, show a range of about a factor of two greater than theirspectroscopic counterparts do.
| Kepler primary asteroseismic targets - ground-based study .
Reported are results of ground-based spectroscopic and photometricobservations of Kepler primary asteroseismic targets. We determine log T_eff, log g, [Fe/H], vsin i and the mean radial velocity, v_r, forall these stars. For new spectroscopic binaries, we provide orbitalsolutions. Finally, we compute evolutionary models using Monte Carlosimulations.
| Spectroscopic Study of Kepler Asteroseismic Targets
Reported are spectroscopic observations of 15 candidates for Keplerprimary asteroseismic targets and 14 other stars in the Kepler field,carried out at three observatories. For all these stars, the radialvelocities, effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and theprojected rotational velocity are derived from two separate sets of databy means of two independent methods. In addition, MK type is estimatedfrom one of these sets of data.Three stars, HIP94335, HIP94734, and HIP94743, are found to havevariable radial-velocity. For HIP94335 = FLLyr, a well-known Algol-typeeclipsing variable and a double-lined spectroscopic binary, the orbitalelements computed from our data agree closely with those of Popper etal. For HIP94734 and HIP94743 = V2077 Cyg, which we discover to besingle-lined systems, orbital elements are derived. In addition, fromour value of the orbital period and the Hipparcos epoch photometry,HIP94743 is demonstrated to be a detached eclipsing binary.
| A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0.15" (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)
The LSPM catalog is a comprehensive list of 61,977 stars north of theJ2000 celestial equator that have proper motions larger than 0.15"yr-1 (local-background-stars frame). The catalog has beengenerated primarily as a result of our systematic search for high propermotion stars in the Digitized Sky Surveys using our SUPERBLINK software.At brighter magnitudes, the catalog incorporates stars and data from theTycho-2 Catalogue and also, to a lesser extent, from the All-SkyCompiled Catalogue of 2.5 million stars. The LSPM catalog considerablyexpands over the old Luyten (Luyten Half-Second [LHS] and New LuytenTwo-Tenths [NLTT]) catalogs, superseding them for northern declinations.Positions are given with an accuracy of <~100 mas at the 2000.0epoch, and absolute proper motions are given with an accuracy of ~8 masyr-1. Corrections to the local-background-stars propermotions have been calculated, and absolute proper motions in theextragalactic frame are given. Whenever available, we also give opticalBT and VT magnitudes (from Tycho-2, ASCC-2.5),photographic BJ, RF, and IN magnitudes(from USNO-B1 catalog), and infrared J, H, and Ks magnitudes(from 2MASS). We also provide an estimated V magnitude and V-J color fornearly all catalog entries, useful for initial classification of thestars. The catalog is estimated to be over 99% complete at high Galacticlatitudes (|b|>15deg) and over 90% complete at lowGalactic latitudes (|b|>15deg), down to a magnitudeV=19.0, and has a limiting magnitude V=21.0. All the northern starslisted in the LHS and NLTT catalogs have been reidentified, and theirpositions, proper motions, and magnitudes reevaluated. The catalog alsolists a large number of completely new objects, which promise to expandvery significantly the census of red dwarfs, subdwarfs, and white dwarfsin the vicinity of the Sun.Based on data mining of the Digitized Sky Surveys (DSSs), developed andoperated by the Catalogs and Surveys Branch of the Space TelescopeScience Institute (STScI), Baltimore.Developed with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), aspart of the NASA/NSF NStars program.
| Improved Astrometry and Photometry for the Luyten Catalog. II. Faint Stars and the Revised Catalog
We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs.
| High-tangential-velocity stars
Two lists of high tangential velocity (greater than 100 km/s) starscontained in the Lowell Northern Hemisphere proper motion surveycatalogue have been compiled, the stellar distances being inferred fromeither trigonometric or spectroscopic parallaxes. The information givenincludes equatorial coordinates, corrected photographic magnitudes,proper motions, trigonometric or spectroscopic parallaxes, and spectraltypes.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Schwan |
| Right ascension: | 19h54m41.32s |
| Declination: | +42°25'52.4" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 10.001 |
| Proper motion RA: | 175.8 |
| Proper motion Dec: | 208 |
| B-T magnitude: | 10.77 |
| V-T magnitude: | 10.065 |
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