Speckle Interferometry at Mount Wilson Observatory: Observations Obtained in 2006-2007 and 35 New Orbits
Results are presented for 607 speckle interferometric observations ofdouble stars, as well as 222 measures of single stars or unresolvedpairs. All data were obtained in 2006 and 2007 at the Mount WilsonObservatory, using the 2.5 m Hooker telescope. Separations range from0farcs06 to 6farcs31, with a median of 0farcs34. These three observingruns concentrated on binaries in need of confirmation (mainly Hipparcosand Tycho pairs), as well as systems in need of improved orbitalelements. New orbital solutions have been determined for 35 systems as aresult.
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Corrections to the Hipparcos Proper Motions in Declination for 807 Stars
We used the data on latitude variations obtained from observations with10 classical photographic zenith tubes (PZT) in order to improve theHipparcos proper motions in declinations ?_{?} for 807 stars.Part of observing programmes, carried out during the last century forthe purpose of studying the Earth's rotation, were realized by using PZTinstruments. These observations were performed within in the intervals(tens of years) much longer than that of the Hipparcos mission (lessthan 4 years). In addition, the annual number of observations for everyPZT-programme star is several hundreds on the average. Though theaccuracy of the star coordinates in the Hipparcos Catalogue is by twoorders of magnitude better than that of the star coordinates from thePZT observations, the large number of observations performed a muchlonger time interval makes it possible to correct the Hipparcos propermotions and to improve their accuracy with respect to the accuracy givenin the Hipparcos Catalogue. Long term examinations of latitude and timevariations were used to form the Earth Orientation Catalogue (EOC-2),aimed at a more accurate determination of positions and proper motionsfor the stars included. Our method of calculating the corrections of theproper motions in declination from the latitude variations is differentfrom the method used in obtaining the EOC-2 Catalogue. Comparing theresults we have established a good agreement between our ?_{?}and the EOC-2 ones for the star sample used in the present paper.
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Spectral Classification of the Hot Components of a Large Sample of Stars with Composite Spectra, and Implication for the Absolute Magnitudes of the Cool Supergiant Components.
A sample of 135 stars with composite spectra has been observed in thenear-UV spectral region with the Aurélie spectrograph at theObservatoire de Haute-Provence. Using the spectral classifications ofthe cool components previously determined with near infrared spectra, weobtained reliable spectral types of the hot components of the samplesystems. The hot components were isolated by the subtraction methodusing MK standards as surrogates of the cool components. We also derivedthe visual magnitude differences between the components usingWillstrop's normalized stellar flux ratios. We propose a photometricmodel for each of these systems on the basis of our spectroscopic dataand the Hipparcos data. We bring to light a discrepancy for the Gsupergiant primaries between the visual absolute magnitudes deduced fromHipparcos parallaxes and those tabulated by Schmidt-Kaler for the GIbstars: we propose a scale of Mv-values for these stars incomposite systems. By way of statistics, about 75% of the hot componentsare dwarf or subgiant stars, and 25% should be giants. The distributionin spectral types is as follows: 41% of B-type components, 57% of typeA, and 2% of type F; 68% of the hot components have a spectral type inthe range B7 to A2. The distribution of the ΔMv-valuesshows a maximum near 0.75 mag.
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Speckle Observations of Composite Spectrum Stars with PISCO in 1993-1998
We present speckle interferometry observations of 47 composite spectrumstars obtained between 1993 and 1998 at the Pic du Midi Observatory withthe PISCO speckle camera. 76% of over 150 independent 10 minutesequences of observations led to a companion detection. Binary componentangular separations ranged from 0.05" to 1.2". We also obtained a seriesof 23 measurements of an additional nine close binaries. PISCOobservations confirm, for the first time since their discovery, theduplicity of HD 29104 (L4), HD 83808 (WGT 1Aa), HD 183912 Aa' (BON Ap),and HD 156729 (HR 6436). Discovered as double by Hipparcos, theparticularly difficult to resolve HD 156729 was observed despite thelarge magnitude difference, Δm=4.2, between its two components.Based on observations made with the Télescope Bernard Lyot at Picdu Midi Observatory, France.
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Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XXIII. Measurements during 1982-1997 from Six Telescopes, with 14 New Orbits
We present 2017 observations of 1286 binary stars, observed by means ofspeckle interferometry using six telescopes over a 15 year period from1982 April to 1997 June. These measurements constitute the 23dinstallment in CHARA's speckle program at 2 to 4 m class telescopes andinclude the second major collection of measurements from the MountWilson 100 inch (2.5 m) Hooker Telescope. Orbital elements are alsopresented for 14 systems, seven of which have had no previouslypublished orbital analyses.
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New orbits.
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Ultraviolet and Optical Studies of Binaries with Luminous Cool Primaries and Hot Companions. V. The Entire IUE Sample
We have obtained or retrieved IUE spectra for over 100 middle- andlate-type giant and supergiant stars whose spectra indicate the presenceof a hot component earlier than type F2. The hot companions areclassified accurately by temperature class from their far-UV spectra.The interstellar extinction of each system and the relative luminositiesof the components are derived from analysis of the UV and opticalfluxes, using a grid of UV intrinsic colors for hot dwarfs. We find thatthere is fair agreement in general between current UV spectralclassification and ground-based hot component types, in spite of thedifficulties of assigning the latter. There are a few cases in which thecool component optical classifications disagree considerably with thetemperature classes inferred from our analysis of UV and opticalphotometry. The extinction parameter agrees moderately well with otherdeterminations of B-V color excess. Many systems are worthy of furtherstudy especially to establish their spectroscopic orbits. Further workis planned to estimate luminosities of the cool components from the dataherein; in many cases, these luminosities' accuracies should becomparable to or exceed those of the Hipparcos parallaxes.
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ICCD Speckle Observations of Binary Stars. XVII. Measurements During 1993-1995 From the Mount Wilson 2.5-M Telescope.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1639H&db_key=AST
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Mesures de vitesses radiales. VIII. Accompagnement AU sol DU programme d'observation DU satellite HIPPARCOS
We publish 1879 radial velocities of stars distributed in 105 fields of4^{\circ} \times 4^{\circ}. We continue the PPO series \cite[(Fehrenbachet al. 1987;]{Feh87} \cite[Duflot et al. 1990, 1992 and 1995),]{Du90}using the Fehrenbach objective prism method. Table 1 only available inelectronic form at CDS via to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Spectral classifications in the near infrared of stars with composite spectra. II. Study of a sample of 180 stars
A sample of 180 supposedly composite-spectrum stars has been studied onthe basis of spectra obtained in the near infrared (8370-8780 Angstroms)at a dispersion of 33 Anstroms/mm. The objective was to study the coolercomponents of the systems. Of our sample, 120 are true compositespectra, 35 are hot spectra of types B, F and 25 are Am stars. We find astrong concentration of the cooler components of the composite spectraaround G8III. In view of the difficulty of classifying compositespectra, because of the super position of an early type dwarf and a latetype giant or supergiant spectrum, we have made several tests to controlthe classification based upon the infrared region. Since all tests gavepositive results, we conclude that our classifications can be consideredas being both reliable and homogeneous. Table \ref{tab1} is alsoavailable electronically at the CDS via anonymous ftp 130.79.128.5 orhttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstracts.html} Based upon observationscarried out at Observatoire de Haute-Provence (CNRS).
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. 11: Measurements during 1991-1993 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
One-thousand one-hundred ninety-seven observations of 730 binary starsystems, observed by means of speckle interferometry with the 4 mtelescope on Kitt Peak, are presented. Included in these binary starsare new interferometric companions to five visual binaries. Thesemeasurements, made mostly during the period 1991 to 1993, comprise the11th installment of results stemming from our speckle program at the 4 mclass telescopes on Kitt Peak, Cerro Tololo, and Mauna Kea.
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All-sky Stromgren photometry of speckle binary stars
All-sky Stromgren photometric observations were obtained for 303 specklebinaries. Most stars were in the range of V = 5-8. These data, whencombined with ratios of intensities from the CHARA speckle photometryprogram, will allow the determination of photometric indices for theindividual components of binary stars with separations as small as 0.05arcsec. These photometric indices will complement the stellar massesfrom the speckle interferometry observations to provide a much improvedmass-luminosity relationship.
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A first catalogue of speckle-interferometric measurements of binary stars made with 6-m telescope of the USSR AS.
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Third preliminary catalogue of stars observed with the photoelectric astrolabe of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. IV - Measurements during 1986-1988 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
One thousand five hundred and fifty measurements of 1006 binary starsystems observed mostly during 1986 through mid-1988 by means of speckleinterferometry with the KPNO 4-m telescope are presented. Twenty-onesystems are directly resolved for the first time, including newcomponents to the cool supergiant Alpha Her A and the Pleiades shellstar Pleione. A continuing survey of The Bright Star Catalogue yieldedeight new binaries from 293 bright stars observed. Corrections tospeckle measures from the GSU/CHARA ICCD speckle camera previouslypublished are presented and discussed.
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Mean positions and proper motions of 224 stars based on PZT observations at Ondrejov in 1973-1986
An improvement of the positions and proper motions for the Ondrejov PZTstar list based on observations of 224 stars in the period 1973-1986 ispresented. The mean epoch of the PZT 86 catalogue is found to be 1981.56with a standard error in right ascension equal to + or - 0.0015 s/ andin delination equal to + or - 0.017 arcsec. The proper motions in rightascension and declination were obtained with an accuracy characterizedby the average standard errors of + or - 0.051 s/cy and + or - 0.57arcsec/cy, respectively. The PZT 86 catalogue is compared with theprevious PZT (1978 and 1983) catalogues, and with the AGK 3 (Dieckvoss,1975) catalogue.
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ICCD speckle observations of binary stars. II - Measurements during 1982-1985 from the Kitt Peak 4 M telescope
This paper represents the continuation of a systematic program of binarystar speckle interferometry initiated at the 4 m telescope on Kitt Peakin late 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, the observations were obtained witha photographic speckle camera, the data from which were reduced byoptical analog methods. In mid-1982, a new speckle camera employing anintensified charge-coupled device as the detector continued the programand necessitated the development of new digital procedures for reducingand analyzing speckle data. The camera and the data-processingtechniques are described herein. This paper presents 2780 newmeasurements of 1012 binary and multiple star systems, including thefirst direct resolution of 64 systems, for the interval 1982 through1985.
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Mean positions and proper motions of 305 stars obtained from the combination of PZT observations at Ondrejov with AGK positions
Observations of 305 stars carried out at the Ondrejov Observatory in theperiod 1973-1983 were compared to the positions of the same stars in theAGK 2 and AGK 3 catalogs in order to obtain their mean positions andproper motions. The observations were performed in the course of 1140nights using the PZT telescope and comprise more than 32 thousand startransits. The average mean errors in the right ascension and declinationof a star that was observed thoughout the whole period were + or -0.0019 s and + or - 0.019 arcsec in the epoch around 1979. It ispredicted that the errors will increase + or - 0.0055 sec and + or -0.059 arcsec in the year 2000. A table listing the errors in the rightascension and declination is provided.
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The calibration of interferometrically determined properties of binary stars
With the advent of speckle interferometry, high angular resolution hasbegun to play a routine role in the study of binary stars. Speckle andother interferometric techniques not only bring enhanced resolution tothis classic and fundamental field but provide an equally important gainin observational accuracy. These methods also offer the potential forperforming accurate differential photometry for binary stars of verysmall angular separation. This paper reviews the achievements of moderninterferometric techniques in measuring stellar masses and luminositiesand discusses the special calibration problems encountered in binarystar interferometry. The future possibilities for very high angularresolution studies of close binaries are also described.
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Digital speckle interferometry of binary stars
Observations of 46 suspected spectroscopic or visual binary starsobtained using a television speckle interferometer with digital dataaccumulation on the 6-m telescope of the Special AstrophysicalObservatory at Nizhni Arkhyz during April and June, 1983, are reported.The television system employs a 256 x 256 raster and 50-Hz frame rateand the two-dimensional autocorrelation-function (ACF) algorithm ofBlazit et al. (1975); filters used have central wavelengths andbandwidths 600 and 16 nm (orange), 656 and 12 nm (red), 525 and 10 nm(green), and 435 and 12 nm (blue). A typical three-dimensional ACF mapof binaries are given in a table; and the 21 unresolved objects arelisted separately. The separations of the resolved pairs range from 29to 270 marcsecs.
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Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. IX
Four hundred-forty measurements of 232 binary stars observed during 1981by means of speckle interferometry with the 4-m telescope at KPNO arerepresented. Newly resolved systems include Xi-1 Cet, Rho Her A, HD187321, and 59 Cyg A.
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Speckle interferometric measurements of binary stars. VIII
Six hundred measurements of 331 binary stars observed during 1980 bymeans of speckle interferometry with the 4 m telescope at Kitt PeakNational Observatory are presented. Thirty-two systems are directlyresolved for the first time. Newly resolved spectroscopic binariesinclude HR 2001, 53 Dam, HR 6388, HR 6469, 31 Omicron-2 Cyg, HR 7922,and alpha Equ.
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The determination of mean positions and proper motions of 304 stars from PZT observations at Ondrejov
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Rotational velocities and spectral types for a sample of binary systems.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1975A&AS...19...91L&db_key=AST
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A survey of stars with composite spectra.
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